Reproduction

Short Definition

Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same species.

Detailed Explanation

Reproduction ensures the survival of a species. There are two main types: asexual and sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces genetically identical offspring. Sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces genetically varied offspring.

Types of Reproduction

• Asexual: Binary fission, budding, fragmentation (common in unicellular organisms and some plants).
• Sexual: Involves gametes (sperm and egg), fertilization, and development of zygote (common in animals and flowering plants).

Importance

Reproduction maintains the continuity of species, increases genetic diversity, and allows adaptation to changing environments.